If you need to document that you are vaccinated against covid-19, you will be able to find your vaccination card (an overview of your vaccinations) via sundhed.dk or FMK-online.dk.
The vaccination overview is in both Danish and English.
Your vaccination overview is not a travel document, but it proves that you are vaccinated against covid-19. Before you travel, remember to check the rules regarding covid-19 in your country of travel.